Options ** are Correct Answer
1. Which three factors should be considered when implementing a Layer 2 protocol in a network? (Choose three.)
the Layer 3 protocol selected
**the geographic scope of the network
the PDU defined by the transport layer
**the physical layer implementation
**the number of hosts to be interconnected
2. Refer to the exhibit. Assuming that the network in the exhibit is converged meaning the routing tables and ARP tables are complete, which MAC address will Host A place in the destination address field of Ethernet frames destined for http://www.server/?
00-1c-41-ab-c0-00
**00-0c-85-cf-65-c0
00-0c-85-cf-65-c1
00-12-3f-32-05-af
3. Which options are properties of contention-based media access for a shared media? (Choose three.)
**non-deterministic
**less overhead
one station transmits at a time
**collisions exist
devices must wait their turn
token passing
4. What is true concerning physical and logical topologies?
The logical topology is always the same as the physical topology.
Physical topologies are concerned with how a network transfers frames.
Physical signal paths are defined by Data Link layer protocols.
**Logical topologies consist of virtual connections between nodes.
5. What is true regarding media access control? (Choose three.)
**Ethernet utilizes CSMA/CD
**defined as placement of data frames on the media
contention-based access is also known as deterministic
802.11 utilizes CSMA/CD
**Data Link layer protocols define the rules for access to different media
controlled access contains data collisions
6. Which statements describe the logical token-passing topology? (Choose two.)
Network usage is on a first come, first serve basis.
**Computers are allowed to transmit data only when they possess a token.
Data from a host is received by all other hosts.
**Electronic tokens are passed sequentially to each other.
Token passing networks have problems with high collision rates.
7. A network administrator has been asked to provide a graphic representation of exactly where the company network wiring and equipment are located in the building. What is this type of drawing?
logical topology
**physical topology
cable path
wiring grid
access topology
8. What is the purpose of the preamble in an Ethernet frame?
is used as a pad for data
identifies the source address
identifies the destination address
marks the end of timing information
**is used for timing synchronization with alternating patterns of ones and zeros
9. What statements are true regarding addresses found at each layer of the OSI model? (Choose two.)
**Layer 2 may identify devices by a physical address burned into the network card
Layer 2 identifies the applications that are communicating
**Layer 3 represents a hierarchical addressing scheme
Layer 4 directs communication to the proper destination network
Layer 4 addresses are used by intermediary devices to forward data
10. Refer to the exhibit. Which statement describes the media access control methods that are used by the networks in the exhibit?
All three networks use CSMA/CA
None of the networks require media access control.
**Network 1 uses CSMA/CD and Network 3 uses CSMA/CA.
Network 1 uses CSMA/CA and Network 2 uses CSMA/CD.
Network 2 uses CSMA/CA and Network 3 uses CSMA/CD.
11. Refer to the exhibit. How many unique CRC calculations will take place as traffic routes from the PC to the laptop?
1
2
**4
8
12. Refer to the exhibit. A frame is being sent from the PC to the laptop. Which source MAC and IP addresses will be included in the frame as it leaves RouterB? (Choose two.)
source MAC - PC
source MAC - S0/0 on RouterA
**source MAC - Fa0/1 on RouterB
**source IP - PC
source IP - S0/0 on RouterA
source IP - Fa0/1 of RouterB
13. Which sublayer of the data link layer prepares a signal to be transmitted at the physical layer?
LLC
**MAC
HDLC
NIC
14. What two facts are true when a device is moved from one network or subnet to another? (Choose two.)
The Layer 2 address must be reassigned.
The default gateway address should not be changed.
**The device will still operate at the same Layer 2 address.
Applications and services will need additional port numbers assigned.
**The Layer 3 address must be reassigned to allow communications to the new network.
15. What is a function of the data link layer?
provides the formatting of data
provides end-to-end delivery of data between hosts
provides delivery of data between two applications
**provides for the exchange data over a common local media
16. What is a characteristic of a logical point-to-point topology?
The nodes are physically connected.
The physical arrangement of the nodes is restricted.
**The media access control protocol can be very simple.
The data link layer protocol used over the link requires a large frame header.
17. What is a primary purpose of encapsulating packets into frames?
provide routes across the internetwork
format the data for presentation to the user
**facilitate the entry and exit of data on media
identify the services to which transported data is associated
18. What is the primary purpose of the trailer in a data link layer frame?
define the logical topology
provide media access control
**support frame error detection
carry routing information for the frame
19. What are three characteristics of valid Ethernet Layer 2 addresses? (Choose three.)
**They are 48 binary bits in length.
**They are considered physical addresses.
**They are generally represented in hexadecimal format.
They consist of four eight-bit octets of binary numbers.
They are used to determine the data path through the network.
They must be changed when an Ethernet device is added or moved within the network.
there is one question that is not included in above. the answer to that question are ..... topology and media sharing.
Wednesday, September 17, 2008
Saturday, September 13, 2008
CCNA 4.0 module 6 (OSI Network Layer)
Options ** are Correct Answer
1. Refer to the exhibit. Which network prefix will work with the IP addressing scheme shown in the graphic.
/24
/16
/20
**/27
/25
/28
2. Which IPv4 subnetted addresses represent valid host addresses? (Choose three.)172.16.4.127 /26
**172.16.4.155 /26
**172.16.4.193 /26
172.16.4.95 /27
172.16.4.159 /27
**172.16.4.207 /27
3. Which statements are true regarding IP addressing? (Choose two.)
NAT translates public addresses to private addresses destined for the Internet.
Only one company is allowed to use a specific private network address space.
**Private addresses are blocked from public Internet by router.
Network 172.32.0.0 is part of the private address space.
**IP address 127.0.0.1 can be used for a host to direct traffic to itself.
4. Which process do routers use to determine the subnet network address based upon a given IP address and subnet mask?
binary adding
hexadecimal anding
binary division
binary multiplication
**binary ANDing
5. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is connected to the LAN, but it cannot get access to any resources on the Internet. The configuration of the host is shown in the exhibit. What could be the cause of the problem?
The host subnet mask is incorrect.
The default gateway is a network address.
The default gateway is a broadcast address.
**The default gateway is on a different subnet from the host.
6. What subnet mask would a network administrator assign to a network address of 172.30.1.0 if it were possible to have up to 254 hosts?
255.255.0.0
**255.255.255.0
255.255.254.0
255.255.248.0
7. Which three IP addresses are private? (Choose three.)
172.168.33.1
**10.35.66.70
**192.168.99.5
**172.18.88.90
192.33.55.89
172.35.16.5
8. Given the IP address and subnet mask of 172.16.134.64 255.255.255.224, which of the following would describe this address?
This is a useable host address.
This is a broadcast address.
**This is a network address.
This is not a valid address.
9. A router interface has been assigned an IP address of 172.16.192.166 with a mask of 255.255.255.248. To which subnet does the IP address belong?
172.16.0.0
172.16.192.0
172.16.192.128
**172.16.192.160
172.16.192.168
172.16.192.176
10. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has assigned the internetwork of LBMISS an address range of 192.168.10.0. This address range has been subnetted using a /29 mask. In order to accommodate a new building, the technician has decided to use the fifth subnet for configuring the new network (subnet zero is the first subnet). By company policies, the router interface is always assigned the first usable host address and the workgroup server is given the last usable host address. Which configuration should be entered into the workgroup server's properties to allow connectivity to the network?
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.39
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
**IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
IP address: 192.168.10.39 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.31
IP address: 192.168.10.254 subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 default gateway: 192.168.10.1
11. Which of the following network devices are recommended to be assigned static IP addresses? (Choose three.)
LAN workstations
**servers
**network printers
**routers
remote workstations
laptops
12. hich of the following are features of IPv6? (Choose three.)
**larger address space
faster routing protocols
**data types and classes of service
**authentication and encryption
improved host naming conventions
same addressing scheme as IPv4
13. What is the primary reason for development of IPv6?
security
header format simplification
**expanded addressing capabilities
addressing simplification
14. What two things will happen if a router receives an ICMP packet which has a TTL value of 1 and the destination host is several hops away? (Choose two.)
**The router will discard the packet.
The router will decrement the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
**The router will send a time exceeded message to the source host.
The router will increment the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
The router will send an ICMP Redirect Message to the source host.
15. Refer to the exhibit. Why would the response shown be displayed after issuing the command ping 127.0.0.1 on a PC?
The IP settings are not properly configured on the host.
**Internet Protocol is not properly installed on the host.
There is a problem at the physical or data link layer.
The default gateway device is not operating.
A router on the path to the destination host has gone down.
16. How many bits make up an IPv4 address?
128
64
48
**32
17. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator discovers that host A is having trouble with Internet connectivity, but the server farm has full connectivity. In addition, host A has full connectivity to the server farm. What is a possible cause of this problem?
The router has an incorrect gateway.
Host A has an overlapping network address.
Host A has an incorrect default gateway configured.
Host A has an incorrect subnet mask.
**NAT is required for the host A network.
18. What three facts are true about the network portion of an IPv4 address? (Choose three.)
identifies an individual device
**is identical for all hosts in a broadcast domain
is altered as packet is forwarded
**varies in length
**is used to forward packets
uses flat addressing
19. What is a group of hosts called that have identical bit patterns in the high order bits of their addresses?
an internet
**a network
an octeta radix
Bottom of Form
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
20. What is the network address of the host 172.25.67.99 /23 in binary?
10101100. 00011001.01000011.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000011.11111111
**10101100. 00011001.01000010.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000010.01100011
10101100. 00010001.01000011. 01100010
10101100. 00011001.00000000.00000000
21. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has to develop an IP addressing scheme that uses the 192.168.1.0 /24 address space. The network that contains the serial link has already been addressed out of a separate range. Each network will be allocated the same number of host addresses. Which network mask will be appropriate to address the remaining networks?
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.224
**255.255.255.192
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.252
1. Refer to the exhibit. Which network prefix will work with the IP addressing scheme shown in the graphic.
/24
/16
/20
**/27
/25
/28
2. Which IPv4 subnetted addresses represent valid host addresses? (Choose three.)172.16.4.127 /26
**172.16.4.155 /26
**172.16.4.193 /26
172.16.4.95 /27
172.16.4.159 /27
**172.16.4.207 /27
3. Which statements are true regarding IP addressing? (Choose two.)
NAT translates public addresses to private addresses destined for the Internet.
Only one company is allowed to use a specific private network address space.
**Private addresses are blocked from public Internet by router.
Network 172.32.0.0 is part of the private address space.
**IP address 127.0.0.1 can be used for a host to direct traffic to itself.
4. Which process do routers use to determine the subnet network address based upon a given IP address and subnet mask?
binary adding
hexadecimal anding
binary division
binary multiplication
**binary ANDing
5. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is connected to the LAN, but it cannot get access to any resources on the Internet. The configuration of the host is shown in the exhibit. What could be the cause of the problem?
The host subnet mask is incorrect.
The default gateway is a network address.
The default gateway is a broadcast address.
**The default gateway is on a different subnet from the host.
6. What subnet mask would a network administrator assign to a network address of 172.30.1.0 if it were possible to have up to 254 hosts?
255.255.0.0
**255.255.255.0
255.255.254.0
255.255.248.0
7. Which three IP addresses are private? (Choose three.)
172.168.33.1
**10.35.66.70
**192.168.99.5
**172.18.88.90
192.33.55.89
172.35.16.5
8. Given the IP address and subnet mask of 172.16.134.64 255.255.255.224, which of the following would describe this address?
This is a useable host address.
This is a broadcast address.
**This is a network address.
This is not a valid address.
9. A router interface has been assigned an IP address of 172.16.192.166 with a mask of 255.255.255.248. To which subnet does the IP address belong?
172.16.0.0
172.16.192.0
172.16.192.128
**172.16.192.160
172.16.192.168
172.16.192.176
10. Refer to the exhibit. The network administrator has assigned the internetwork of LBMISS an address range of 192.168.10.0. This address range has been subnetted using a /29 mask. In order to accommodate a new building, the technician has decided to use the fifth subnet for configuring the new network (subnet zero is the first subnet). By company policies, the router interface is always assigned the first usable host address and the workgroup server is given the last usable host address. Which configuration should be entered into the workgroup server's properties to allow connectivity to the network?
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.39
IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.240 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
**IP address: 192.168.10.38 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.33
IP address: 192.168.10.39 subnet mask: 255.255.255.248 default gateway: 192.168.10.31
IP address: 192.168.10.254 subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 default gateway: 192.168.10.1
11. Which of the following network devices are recommended to be assigned static IP addresses? (Choose three.)
LAN workstations
**servers
**network printers
**routers
remote workstations
laptops
12. hich of the following are features of IPv6? (Choose three.)
**larger address space
faster routing protocols
**data types and classes of service
**authentication and encryption
improved host naming conventions
same addressing scheme as IPv4
13. What is the primary reason for development of IPv6?
security
header format simplification
**expanded addressing capabilities
addressing simplification
14. What two things will happen if a router receives an ICMP packet which has a TTL value of 1 and the destination host is several hops away? (Choose two.)
**The router will discard the packet.
The router will decrement the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
**The router will send a time exceeded message to the source host.
The router will increment the TTL value and forward the packet to the next router on the path to the destination host.
The router will send an ICMP Redirect Message to the source host.
15. Refer to the exhibit. Why would the response shown be displayed after issuing the command ping 127.0.0.1 on a PC?
The IP settings are not properly configured on the host.
**Internet Protocol is not properly installed on the host.
There is a problem at the physical or data link layer.
The default gateway device is not operating.
A router on the path to the destination host has gone down.
16. How many bits make up an IPv4 address?
128
64
48
**32
17. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator discovers that host A is having trouble with Internet connectivity, but the server farm has full connectivity. In addition, host A has full connectivity to the server farm. What is a possible cause of this problem?
The router has an incorrect gateway.
Host A has an overlapping network address.
Host A has an incorrect default gateway configured.
Host A has an incorrect subnet mask.
**NAT is required for the host A network.
18. What three facts are true about the network portion of an IPv4 address? (Choose three.)
identifies an individual device
**is identical for all hosts in a broadcast domain
is altered as packet is forwarded
**varies in length
**is used to forward packets
uses flat addressing
19. What is a group of hosts called that have identical bit patterns in the high order bits of their addresses?
an internet
**a network
an octeta radix
Bottom of Form
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
20. What is the network address of the host 172.25.67.99 /23 in binary?
10101100. 00011001.01000011.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000011.11111111
**10101100. 00011001.01000010.00000000
10101100. 00011001.01000010.01100011
10101100. 00010001.01000011. 01100010
10101100. 00011001.00000000.00000000
21. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator has to develop an IP addressing scheme that uses the 192.168.1.0 /24 address space. The network that contains the serial link has already been addressed out of a separate range. Each network will be allocated the same number of host addresses. Which network mask will be appropriate to address the remaining networks?
255.255.255.248
255.255.255.224
**255.255.255.192
255.255.255.240
255.255.255.128
255.255.255.252
Wednesday, September 3, 2008
CCNA 4.0 module 5 (OSI Network Layer)
Options ** are Correct Answer
1. In an IPv4 environment, what information is used by the router to forward data packets from one interface of a router to another?
**destination network address
source network address
source MAC address
well known port destination address
2. What information is added during encapsulation at OSI Layer 3?
source and destination MAC
source and destination application protocol
source and destination port number
**source and destination IP address
3. In a connectionless system, which of the following is correct?
The destination is contacted before a packet is sent.
**The destination is not contacted before a packet is sent.
The destination sends an acknowledgement to the source that indicates the packet was received.
The destination sends an acknowledgement to the source that requests the next packet to be sent.
4. Which IP packet field will prevent endless loops?
type-of-service
identification
flags
**time-to-live
header checksum
5. Which portion of the network layer address does a router use to forward packets?
host portion
broadcast address
**network portion
gateway address
6. Refer to the exhibit. Using the network in the exhibit, what would be the default gateway address for host A in the 192.133.219.0 network?
192.135.250.1
192.31.7.1
192.133.219.0
**192.133.219.1
7. If the default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications?
The host is unable to communicate on the local network.
**The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with hosts on remote networks.
The host can communicate with other hosts on remote networks, but is unable to communicate with hosts on the local network.
There is no impact on communications.
8. What is the purpose of a default gateway?
physically connects a computer to a network
provides a permanent address to a computer
identifies the network to which a computer is connected
identifies the logical address of a networked computer and uniquely identifies it to the rest of the network
**identifies the device that allows local network computers to communicate with devices on other networks
9. What type of routing uses information that is manually entered into the routing table?
dynamic
interior
**static
standard
10. When the destination network is not listed in the routing table of a Cisco router, what are two possible actions that the router might take? (Choose two.)
The router sends an ARP request to determine the required next hop address.
**The router discards the packet.
The router forwards the packet toward the next hop indicated in the ARP table.
The router forwards the packet to the interface indicated by the source address.
**The router forwards the packet out the interface indicated by the default route entry.
11. What are the key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network? (Choose three.)
gateways
**purpose
physical addressing
software version
**geographic location
**ownership
12. What is a component of a routing table entry?
the MAC address of the interface of the router
the destination Layer 4 port number
the destination host address
**the next-hop address
13. Which intermediary devices could be used to implement security between networks? (Choose two.)
**router
hub
switch
**firewall
access point
bridge
14. What are three common problems with a large network? (Choose three.)
too few broadcasts
**performance degradation
**security issues
limited management responsibility
**host identification
protocol compatibility
15. Refer to the exhibit. All devices shown in the exhibit have factory default settings. How many broadcast domains are represented in the topology that is shown?
3
**4
5
7
8
11
16. Which three statements are true about routes and their use? (Choose three.)
If no route to the destination network is found, the packet is returned to the previous router.
**If the destination network is directly connected, the router forwards the packet to the destination host.
If multiple network entries exist for the destination network, the most general route is used to forward the packet.
**If no route exists for the destination network and a default route is present, the packet is forwarded to the next-hop router.
**If the originating host has a default gateway configured, the packet for a remote network can be forwarded using that route.
If a host does not have a route manually configured for the destination network, the host will drop the packet.
17. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting a connectivity problem and needs to determine the address that is used to forward network packets out the network. Using the netstat -r command, the administrator would identify which address as the address to which all hosts send packets that are destined for an outside network?
10.10.10.26
127.0.0.1
**10.10.10.6
10.10.10.1
224.0.0.0
18. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator notices that there are too many broadcasts on the network. What two steps can the network administrator take to resolve this problem? (Choose two.)
**Replace S2 with a router.
Place all servers on S1.
Disable TCP/IP broadcasts.
**Subnet the 192.168.0.0 /24 network.
Disable all unused interfaces on the switches.
19. Refer to the exhibit. The network in the exhibit is fully operational. What two statements correctly describe the routing for the topology that is shown? (Choose two.)
**192.168.0.2 is the next-hop address that is used by R3 to route a packet from the 10.0.0.0 network to the 172.16.0.0 network.
10.0.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R1 to route a packet from the 192.168.12.0 network to the 10.0.0.0 network.
192.168.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R1 to route a packet from the 192.168.12.0 network to the 172.16.0.0 network.
172.16.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R3 to route a packet from the 10.0.0.0 to the 172.16.0.0 network.
**192.168.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R2 to route a packet from the 172.16.0.0 network to the 192.168.12.0 network.
192.168.0.2 is the next-hop address that is used by R2 to route a packet from the 172.16.0.0 network to the 192.168.12.0 network.
20. What two characteristics are commonly associated with dynamic routing protocols? (Choose two.)
require no device configuration
**provide routers with up-to-date routing tables
require less processing power than static routes require
**consume bandwidth to exchange route information
prevent manual configuration and maintenance of the routing table
21. What statement describes the purpose of a default route?
A host uses a default route to transfer data to another host on the same network segment.
A host uses a default route to forward data to the local switch as the next hop to all destinations.
A host uses a default route to identify the Layer 2 address of an end device on the local network.
**A host uses a default route to transfer data to a host outside the local network when no other route to the destination exists.
If anything, juz leave a comment.
1. In an IPv4 environment, what information is used by the router to forward data packets from one interface of a router to another?
**destination network address
source network address
source MAC address
well known port destination address
2. What information is added during encapsulation at OSI Layer 3?
source and destination MAC
source and destination application protocol
source and destination port number
**source and destination IP address
3. In a connectionless system, which of the following is correct?
The destination is contacted before a packet is sent.
**The destination is not contacted before a packet is sent.
The destination sends an acknowledgement to the source that indicates the packet was received.
The destination sends an acknowledgement to the source that requests the next packet to be sent.
4. Which IP packet field will prevent endless loops?
type-of-service
identification
flags
**time-to-live
header checksum
5. Which portion of the network layer address does a router use to forward packets?
host portion
broadcast address
**network portion
gateway address
6. Refer to the exhibit. Using the network in the exhibit, what would be the default gateway address for host A in the 192.133.219.0 network?
192.135.250.1
192.31.7.1
192.133.219.0
**192.133.219.1
7. If the default gateway is configured incorrectly on the host, what is the impact on communications?
The host is unable to communicate on the local network.
**The host can communicate with other hosts on the local network, but is unable to communicate with hosts on remote networks.
The host can communicate with other hosts on remote networks, but is unable to communicate with hosts on the local network.
There is no impact on communications.
8. What is the purpose of a default gateway?
physically connects a computer to a network
provides a permanent address to a computer
identifies the network to which a computer is connected
identifies the logical address of a networked computer and uniquely identifies it to the rest of the network
**identifies the device that allows local network computers to communicate with devices on other networks
9. What type of routing uses information that is manually entered into the routing table?
dynamic
interior
**static
standard
10. When the destination network is not listed in the routing table of a Cisco router, what are two possible actions that the router might take? (Choose two.)
The router sends an ARP request to determine the required next hop address.
**The router discards the packet.
The router forwards the packet toward the next hop indicated in the ARP table.
The router forwards the packet to the interface indicated by the source address.
**The router forwards the packet out the interface indicated by the default route entry.
11. What are the key factors to consider when grouping hosts into a common network? (Choose three.)
gateways
**purpose
physical addressing
software version
**geographic location
**ownership
12. What is a component of a routing table entry?
the MAC address of the interface of the router
the destination Layer 4 port number
the destination host address
**the next-hop address
13. Which intermediary devices could be used to implement security between networks? (Choose two.)
**router
hub
switch
**firewall
access point
bridge
14. What are three common problems with a large network? (Choose three.)
too few broadcasts
**performance degradation
**security issues
limited management responsibility
**host identification
protocol compatibility
15. Refer to the exhibit. All devices shown in the exhibit have factory default settings. How many broadcast domains are represented in the topology that is shown?
3
**4
5
7
8
11
16. Which three statements are true about routes and their use? (Choose three.)
If no route to the destination network is found, the packet is returned to the previous router.
**If the destination network is directly connected, the router forwards the packet to the destination host.
If multiple network entries exist for the destination network, the most general route is used to forward the packet.
**If no route exists for the destination network and a default route is present, the packet is forwarded to the next-hop router.
**If the originating host has a default gateway configured, the packet for a remote network can be forwarded using that route.
If a host does not have a route manually configured for the destination network, the host will drop the packet.
17. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator is troubleshooting a connectivity problem and needs to determine the address that is used to forward network packets out the network. Using the netstat -r command, the administrator would identify which address as the address to which all hosts send packets that are destined for an outside network?
10.10.10.26
127.0.0.1
**10.10.10.6
10.10.10.1
224.0.0.0
18. Refer to the exhibit. A network administrator notices that there are too many broadcasts on the network. What two steps can the network administrator take to resolve this problem? (Choose two.)
**Replace S2 with a router.
Place all servers on S1.
Disable TCP/IP broadcasts.
**Subnet the 192.168.0.0 /24 network.
Disable all unused interfaces on the switches.
19. Refer to the exhibit. The network in the exhibit is fully operational. What two statements correctly describe the routing for the topology that is shown? (Choose two.)
**192.168.0.2 is the next-hop address that is used by R3 to route a packet from the 10.0.0.0 network to the 172.16.0.0 network.
10.0.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R1 to route a packet from the 192.168.12.0 network to the 10.0.0.0 network.
192.168.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R1 to route a packet from the 192.168.12.0 network to the 172.16.0.0 network.
172.16.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R3 to route a packet from the 10.0.0.0 to the 172.16.0.0 network.
**192.168.0.1 is the next-hop address that is used by R2 to route a packet from the 172.16.0.0 network to the 192.168.12.0 network.
192.168.0.2 is the next-hop address that is used by R2 to route a packet from the 172.16.0.0 network to the 192.168.12.0 network.
20. What two characteristics are commonly associated with dynamic routing protocols? (Choose two.)
require no device configuration
**provide routers with up-to-date routing tables
require less processing power than static routes require
**consume bandwidth to exchange route information
prevent manual configuration and maintenance of the routing table
21. What statement describes the purpose of a default route?
A host uses a default route to transfer data to another host on the same network segment.
A host uses a default route to forward data to the local switch as the next hop to all destinations.
A host uses a default route to identify the Layer 2 address of an end device on the local network.
**A host uses a default route to transfer data to a host outside the local network when no other route to the destination exists.
If anything, juz leave a comment.
Tuesday, September 2, 2008
Monday, September 1, 2008
Sunday, August 31, 2008
CCNA 4.0 module 4 (OSI transport layer)
Options ** are Correct Answer
1. Based on the transport layer header shown in the diagram, which of the following statements describe the established session? (Choose two.)
This is a UDP header.
**This contains a Telnet request.
This contains a TFTP data transfer.
The return packet from this remote host will have an Acknowledgement Number of 43693.
**This is a TCP header.
2. With TCP/IP data encapsulation, which range of port numbers identifies all well-known applications?
0 to 255
256 to 1022
**0 to 1023
1024 to 2047
49153 to 65535
3. Why are port numbers included in the TCP header of a segment?
to indicate the correct router interface that should be used to forward a segment
to identify which switch ports should receive or forward the segment
to determine which Layer 3 protocol should be used to encapsulate the data
**to enable a receiving host to forward the data to the appropriate application
to allow the receiving host to assemble the packet in the proper order
4. Which OSI model layer is responsible for regulating the flow of information from source to destination, reliably and accurately?
application
presentation
session
**transport
network
5. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is using FTP to download a large file from Server 1. During the download process, Server 1 does not receive an acknowledgment from Host A for several bytes of transferred data. What action will Server 1 take as a result?
create a Layer 1 jam signal
**reach a timeout and resend the data that needs to be acknowledged
send a RESET bit to the host
change the window size in the Layer 4 header
6. Why is flow control used for TCP data transfer?
to synchronize equipment speed for sent data
to synchronize and order sequence numbers so data is sent in complete numerical order
**to prevent the receiver from being overwhelmed by incoming data
to synchronize window size on the server
to simplify data transfer to multiple hosts
7. Which two options represent Layer 4 addressing? (Choose two.)
identifies the destination network
identifies source and destination hosts
**identifies the communicating applications
**identifies multiple conversations between the hosts
identifies the devices communicating over the local media
8. Refer to the exhibit. In line 7 of this Wireshark capture, what TCP operation is being performed?
**session establishment
segment retransmit
data transfer
session disconnect
Bottom of Form
9. Refer to the exhibit. What two pieces of information can be determined from the output that is shown? (Choose two.)
The local host is using well-known port numbers to identify the source ports.
**A termination request has been sent to 192.135.250.10.
**Communication with 64.100.173.42 is using HTTP Secure.
The local computer is accepting HTTP requests.
192.168.1.101:1042 is performing the three-way handshake with 128.107.229.50:80.
10. What is dynamically selected by the source host when forwarding data?
destination logical address
source physical address
default gateway address
**source port
11. What are two features of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)? (Choose two.)
flow control
**low overhead
**connectionless
connection-oriented
sequence and acknowledgements
12. What mechanism is used by TCP to provide flow control as segments travel from source to destination?
sequence numbers
session establishment
**window size
acknowledgments
13. Which transport layer protocol provides low overhead and would be used for applications which do not require reliable data delivery?
TCP
IP
**UDP
HTTP
DNS
14. Which information is found in both the TCP and UDP header information?
sequencing
flow control
acknowledgments
**source and destination
15. Which three features allow TCP to reliably and accurately track the transmission of data from source to destination?
encapsulation
**flow control
connectionless services
**session establishment
**numbering and sequencing
best effort delivery
16. During a TCP communication session, if the packets arrive to the destination out of order, what will happen to the original message?
The packets will not be delivered.
The packets will be retransmitted from the source.
**The packets will be delivered and reassembled at the destination.
The packets will be delivered and not reassembled at the destination.
17. Which is an important characteristic of UDP?
acknowledgement of data delivery
**minimal delays in data delivery
high reliability of data delivery
same order data delivery
18. After a web browser makes a request to a web server that is listening to the standard port, what will be the source port number in the TCP header of the response from the server?
13
53
**80
1024
1728
19. Which event occurs during the transport layer three-way handshake?
The two applications exchange data.
**TCP initializes the sequence numbers for the sessions.
UDP establishes the maximum number of bytes to be sent.
The server acknowledges the bytes of data received from the client.
20. Refer to the exhibit. Host1 is in the process of setting up a TCP session with Host2. Host1 has sent a SYN message to begin session establishment. What happens next?
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 0, SYN flag = 0 to Host2.
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 0 to Host2.
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 1 to Host2.
Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 0, SYN flag = 1 to Host1.
Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 0 to Host1.
**Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 1 to Host1
21. Refer to the exhibit. What two pieces of information can be determined from the output that is shown? (Choose two.)
**The local host is using three client sessions.
**The local host is using web sessions to a remote server.
The local host is listening for TCP connections using public addresses.
The local host is using well-known port numbers to identify the source ports.
The local host is performing the three-way handshake with 192.168.101:1037.
if anything, juz leave a comment.
1. Based on the transport layer header shown in the diagram, which of the following statements describe the established session? (Choose two.)
This is a UDP header.
**This contains a Telnet request.
This contains a TFTP data transfer.
The return packet from this remote host will have an Acknowledgement Number of 43693.
**This is a TCP header.
2. With TCP/IP data encapsulation, which range of port numbers identifies all well-known applications?
0 to 255
256 to 1022
**0 to 1023
1024 to 2047
49153 to 65535
3. Why are port numbers included in the TCP header of a segment?
to indicate the correct router interface that should be used to forward a segment
to identify which switch ports should receive or forward the segment
to determine which Layer 3 protocol should be used to encapsulate the data
**to enable a receiving host to forward the data to the appropriate application
to allow the receiving host to assemble the packet in the proper order
4. Which OSI model layer is responsible for regulating the flow of information from source to destination, reliably and accurately?
application
presentation
session
**transport
network
5. Refer to the exhibit. Host A is using FTP to download a large file from Server 1. During the download process, Server 1 does not receive an acknowledgment from Host A for several bytes of transferred data. What action will Server 1 take as a result?
create a Layer 1 jam signal
**reach a timeout and resend the data that needs to be acknowledged
send a RESET bit to the host
change the window size in the Layer 4 header
6. Why is flow control used for TCP data transfer?
to synchronize equipment speed for sent data
to synchronize and order sequence numbers so data is sent in complete numerical order
**to prevent the receiver from being overwhelmed by incoming data
to synchronize window size on the server
to simplify data transfer to multiple hosts
7. Which two options represent Layer 4 addressing? (Choose two.)
identifies the destination network
identifies source and destination hosts
**identifies the communicating applications
**identifies multiple conversations between the hosts
identifies the devices communicating over the local media
8. Refer to the exhibit. In line 7 of this Wireshark capture, what TCP operation is being performed?
**session establishment
segment retransmit
data transfer
session disconnect
Bottom of Form
9. Refer to the exhibit. What two pieces of information can be determined from the output that is shown? (Choose two.)
The local host is using well-known port numbers to identify the source ports.
**A termination request has been sent to 192.135.250.10.
**Communication with 64.100.173.42 is using HTTP Secure.
The local computer is accepting HTTP requests.
192.168.1.101:1042 is performing the three-way handshake with 128.107.229.50:80.
10. What is dynamically selected by the source host when forwarding data?
destination logical address
source physical address
default gateway address
**source port
11. What are two features of the User Datagram Protocol (UDP)? (Choose two.)
flow control
**low overhead
**connectionless
connection-oriented
sequence and acknowledgements
12. What mechanism is used by TCP to provide flow control as segments travel from source to destination?
sequence numbers
session establishment
**window size
acknowledgments
13. Which transport layer protocol provides low overhead and would be used for applications which do not require reliable data delivery?
TCP
IP
**UDP
HTTP
DNS
14. Which information is found in both the TCP and UDP header information?
sequencing
flow control
acknowledgments
**source and destination
15. Which three features allow TCP to reliably and accurately track the transmission of data from source to destination?
encapsulation
**flow control
connectionless services
**session establishment
**numbering and sequencing
best effort delivery
16. During a TCP communication session, if the packets arrive to the destination out of order, what will happen to the original message?
The packets will not be delivered.
The packets will be retransmitted from the source.
**The packets will be delivered and reassembled at the destination.
The packets will be delivered and not reassembled at the destination.
17. Which is an important characteristic of UDP?
acknowledgement of data delivery
**minimal delays in data delivery
high reliability of data delivery
same order data delivery
18. After a web browser makes a request to a web server that is listening to the standard port, what will be the source port number in the TCP header of the response from the server?
13
53
**80
1024
1728
19. Which event occurs during the transport layer three-way handshake?
The two applications exchange data.
**TCP initializes the sequence numbers for the sessions.
UDP establishes the maximum number of bytes to be sent.
The server acknowledges the bytes of data received from the client.
20. Refer to the exhibit. Host1 is in the process of setting up a TCP session with Host2. Host1 has sent a SYN message to begin session establishment. What happens next?
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 0, SYN flag = 0 to Host2.
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 0 to Host2.
Host1 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 1 to Host2.
Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 0, SYN flag = 1 to Host1.
Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 0 to Host1.
**Host2 sends a segment with the ACK flag = 1, SYN flag = 1 to Host1
21. Refer to the exhibit. What two pieces of information can be determined from the output that is shown? (Choose two.)
**The local host is using three client sessions.
**The local host is using web sessions to a remote server.
The local host is listening for TCP connections using public addresses.
The local host is using well-known port numbers to identify the source ports.
The local host is performing the three-way handshake with 192.168.101:1037.
if anything, juz leave a comment.
CCNA 4.0 module 3 (Application layer functionality and Protocols)
Options ** are Correct Answer
1. What application layer protocol is commonly used to support for file transfers between a client and a server?
HTML
**HTTP
FTP
Telnet
2. What are two forms of application layer software? (Choose two.)
**applications
dialogs
requests
**services
syntax
3. A network administrator is designing a network for a new branch office of twenty-five users. What are the advantages of using a client-server model? (Choose two.)
**centralized administration
does not require specialized software
**security is easier to enforce
lower cost implementation
provides a single point of failure
4. What is the purpose of resource records in DNS?
temporarily holds resolved entries
**used by the server to resolve names
sent by the client to during a query
passes authentication information between the server and client
5. What is the automated service that matches resource names with the required IP address?HTTP
SSH
FQDN
**DNS
Telnet
SMTP
6. What three protocols operate at the Application layer of the OSI model? (Choose three.)
ARP
**DNS
PPP
**SMTP
**POP
ICMP
7. What are three properties of peer-to-peer applications? (Choose three.)
**acts as both a client and server within the same communication.
requires centralized account administration.
**hybrid mode includes a centralized directory of files.
**can be used in client-server networks.
requires a direct physical connection between devices.
centralized authentication is required.
8. Which application layer protocols correctly match a corresponding function? (Choose two.)
DNS dynamically allocates IP addresses to hosts
**HTTP transfers data from a web server to a client
POP delivers email from the client to the server email server
SMTP supports file sharing
**Telnet provides a virtual connection for remote access
9. Which email components are used to forward mail between servers? (Choose two.)
MDA
IMAP
**MTA
POP
**SMTP
MUA
10. As compared to SSH, what is the primary disadvantage of telnet?
not widely available
**does not support encryption
consumes more network bandwidth
does not support authentication
11. Which statements are correct concerning the role of the MTA in handling email? (Choose three.)
routes email to the MDA on other servers
**receives email from the client's MUA
receives email via the POP3 protocol
**passes email to the MDA for final delivery
**uses SMTP to route email between servers
delivers email to clients via the POP3 protocol
12. Which two protocols are used to control the transfer of web resources from a web server to a client browser? (Choose two.)
ASP
FTP
HTML
**HTTP
**HTTPS
IP
13. A small home network has been installed to interconnect three computers together for gaming and file sharing. What two properties represent this network type? (Choose two.)
User accounts are centralized.
**Security is difficult to enforce.
Specialized operating system software is required.
File permissions are controlled by a single computer.
**A computer that responds to a file sharing request is functioning as a server.
14. Which layer of the OSI model supplies services that allow user to interface with the network?physical
session
network
presentation
**application
transport
15. Refer to the exhibit. What is the destination port for the communication that is represented on line 5?
**80
1261
15533
3912
65520
16. What are two characteristics of peer-to-peer networks? (Choose two.)
scalable
one way data flow
**decentralized resources
centralized user accounts
**resource sharing without a dedicated server
17. What application layer protocol describes the services that are used for file sharing in Microsoft networks?
DHCP
DNS
**SMB
SMTP
Telnet
18. What are two characteristics of clients in data networks? (Choose two.)
use daemons
**initiate data exchanges
are repositories of data
**may upload data to servers
listen for requests from servers
19. What is the role of the OSI application layer?
provides segmentation of data
provides encryption and conversion of data
**provides the interface between the applications on either end of the network
provides control of all the data flowing between the source and destination devices
20. How does the application layer on a server usually process multiple client request for services?
ceases all connections to the service
denies multiple connections to a single daemon
suspends the current connection to allow the new connection
**uses support from lower layer functions to distinguish between connections to the service
if anything, juz leave a comment
1. What application layer protocol is commonly used to support for file transfers between a client and a server?
HTML
**HTTP
FTP
Telnet
2. What are two forms of application layer software? (Choose two.)
**applications
dialogs
requests
**services
syntax
3. A network administrator is designing a network for a new branch office of twenty-five users. What are the advantages of using a client-server model? (Choose two.)
**centralized administration
does not require specialized software
**security is easier to enforce
lower cost implementation
provides a single point of failure
4. What is the purpose of resource records in DNS?
temporarily holds resolved entries
**used by the server to resolve names
sent by the client to during a query
passes authentication information between the server and client
5. What is the automated service that matches resource names with the required IP address?HTTP
SSH
FQDN
**DNS
Telnet
SMTP
6. What three protocols operate at the Application layer of the OSI model? (Choose three.)
ARP
**DNS
PPP
**SMTP
**POP
ICMP
7. What are three properties of peer-to-peer applications? (Choose three.)
**acts as both a client and server within the same communication.
requires centralized account administration.
**hybrid mode includes a centralized directory of files.
**can be used in client-server networks.
requires a direct physical connection between devices.
centralized authentication is required.
8. Which application layer protocols correctly match a corresponding function? (Choose two.)
DNS dynamically allocates IP addresses to hosts
**HTTP transfers data from a web server to a client
POP delivers email from the client to the server email server
SMTP supports file sharing
**Telnet provides a virtual connection for remote access
9. Which email components are used to forward mail between servers? (Choose two.)
MDA
IMAP
**MTA
POP
**SMTP
MUA
10. As compared to SSH, what is the primary disadvantage of telnet?
not widely available
**does not support encryption
consumes more network bandwidth
does not support authentication
11. Which statements are correct concerning the role of the MTA in handling email? (Choose three.)
routes email to the MDA on other servers
**receives email from the client's MUA
receives email via the POP3 protocol
**passes email to the MDA for final delivery
**uses SMTP to route email between servers
delivers email to clients via the POP3 protocol
12. Which two protocols are used to control the transfer of web resources from a web server to a client browser? (Choose two.)
ASP
FTP
HTML
**HTTP
**HTTPS
IP
13. A small home network has been installed to interconnect three computers together for gaming and file sharing. What two properties represent this network type? (Choose two.)
User accounts are centralized.
**Security is difficult to enforce.
Specialized operating system software is required.
File permissions are controlled by a single computer.
**A computer that responds to a file sharing request is functioning as a server.
14. Which layer of the OSI model supplies services that allow user to interface with the network?physical
session
network
presentation
**application
transport
15. Refer to the exhibit. What is the destination port for the communication that is represented on line 5?
**80
1261
15533
3912
65520
16. What are two characteristics of peer-to-peer networks? (Choose two.)
scalable
one way data flow
**decentralized resources
centralized user accounts
**resource sharing without a dedicated server
17. What application layer protocol describes the services that are used for file sharing in Microsoft networks?
DHCP
DNS
**SMB
SMTP
Telnet
18. What are two characteristics of clients in data networks? (Choose two.)
use daemons
**initiate data exchanges
are repositories of data
**may upload data to servers
listen for requests from servers
19. What is the role of the OSI application layer?
provides segmentation of data
provides encryption and conversion of data
**provides the interface between the applications on either end of the network
provides control of all the data flowing between the source and destination devices
20. How does the application layer on a server usually process multiple client request for services?
ceases all connections to the service
denies multiple connections to a single daemon
suspends the current connection to allow the new connection
**uses support from lower layer functions to distinguish between connections to the service
if anything, juz leave a comment
CCNA 4.0 module 2 (Communicating over the network)
Options ** are Correct Answer
1. Which statements correctly identify the role of intermediary devices in the network? (Choose three.)
**determine pathways for data.
initiate data communications.
**retime and retransmit data signals.
originate the flow of data .
**manage data flows.
final termination point for data flow.
2. Select the statements that are correct concerning network protocols. (Choose three.)
**define the structure of layer specific PDU's.
dictate how to accomplish layer functions.
**outline the functions necessary for communications between layers.
limit hardware compatibility.
**require layer dependent encapsulations.
eliminate standardization among vendors.
3. What are the key functions of encapsulation? (Choose three.)
allows modification of the original data before transmission.
**identifies pieces of data as part of the same communication.
enables consistent network paths for communication.
**ensures that data pieces can be directed to the correct receiving end device.
**enables the reassembly of complete messages.
tracks delay between end devices.
4. Which two layers of the OSI model have the same functions as the TCP/IP model Network Access Layer? (Choose two.)
Network.
Transport.
**Physical.
**Data Link.
Session.
5. What is a PDU?
corruption of a frame during transmission.
data reassembled at the destination.
retransmitted packets due to lost communication.
**a layer specific encapsulation.
6. Which characteristic correctly refers to end devices in a network?
manage data flows.
**originate data flow.
retime and retransmit data signals.
determine pathways for data.
7. Refer to the exhibit. "Cell A" at IP address 10.0.0.34 has established an IP session with "IP Phone 1" at IP address 172.16.1.103. Based upon the graphic, which device type best describes the function of wireless device "Cell A?"
the destination device
**an end device
an intermediate device
a media device
8. Refer to the exhibit. Which three labels correctly identify the network types for the network segments that are shown? (Choose three.)
Network A -- WAN
**Network B -- WAN
**Network C -- LAN
Network B -- MAN
Network C -- WAN
**Network A -- LAN
9. Which three statements best describe a Local Area Network (LAN)? (Choose three.)
**A LAN is usually in a single geographical area.
**The network is administered by a single organization.
The connection between segments in the LAN is usually through a leased connection.
The security and access control of the network are controlled by a service provider.
**A LAN provides network services and access to applications for users within a common organization.
Each end of the network is generally connected to a Telecommunication Service Provider (TSP).
10. Refer to the exhibit. Which networking term describes the data interleaving process represented in the graphic?
piping
PDU
streaming
**multiplexing
encapsulation
11. What is the primary purpose of Layer 4 port assignment?
to identify devices on the local media
to identify the hops between source and destination
to identify to the intermediary devices the best path through the network
to identify the source and destination end devices that are communicating
**to identify the processes or services that are communicating within the end devices
12. What device is considered an intermediary device?
file server
IP phone
laptop
printer
**switch
13. Refer to the exhibit. Which term correctly identifies the device type that is included in the area B?
source
end
transfer
**intermediary
14. Refer to the exhibit. What type of network is shown?
WAN
MAN
**LAN
WLAN
15. Which layer encapsulates the segment into packets?
physical
data link
**network
transport
16. What can be identified by examining the network layer header?
the destination device on the local media
**the destination host address
the bits that will be transferred over the media
the source application or process creating the data
17. Refer to the exhibit. Which set of devices contains only end devices?
A, C, D
B, E, G, H
C, D, G, H, I, J
D, E, F, H, I, J
**E, F, H, I, J
18. During the encapsulation process, what occurs at the data link layer?
No address is added.
The logical address is added.
**The physical address is added.
The process port number is added.
19. What is the purpose of the TCP/IP Network Access layer?
path determination and packet switching
data representation, encoding, and control
reliability, flow control, and error detection
**detailing the components that make up the physical link and how to access it
the division of segments into packets
20. What is the proper order of the layers of the OSI model from the highest layer to the lowest layer?
physical, network, application, data link, presentation, session, transport
application, physical, session, transport, network, data link, presentation
application, presentation, physical, session, data link, transport, network
**application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical
presentation, data link, session, transport, network, physical, application
if anything, juz leave a comment
1. Which statements correctly identify the role of intermediary devices in the network? (Choose three.)
**determine pathways for data.
initiate data communications.
**retime and retransmit data signals.
originate the flow of data .
**manage data flows.
final termination point for data flow.
2. Select the statements that are correct concerning network protocols. (Choose three.)
**define the structure of layer specific PDU's.
dictate how to accomplish layer functions.
**outline the functions necessary for communications between layers.
limit hardware compatibility.
**require layer dependent encapsulations.
eliminate standardization among vendors.
3. What are the key functions of encapsulation? (Choose three.)
allows modification of the original data before transmission.
**identifies pieces of data as part of the same communication.
enables consistent network paths for communication.
**ensures that data pieces can be directed to the correct receiving end device.
**enables the reassembly of complete messages.
tracks delay between end devices.
4. Which two layers of the OSI model have the same functions as the TCP/IP model Network Access Layer? (Choose two.)
Network.
Transport.
**Physical.
**Data Link.
Session.
5. What is a PDU?
corruption of a frame during transmission.
data reassembled at the destination.
retransmitted packets due to lost communication.
**a layer specific encapsulation.
6. Which characteristic correctly refers to end devices in a network?
manage data flows.
**originate data flow.
retime and retransmit data signals.
determine pathways for data.
7. Refer to the exhibit. "Cell A" at IP address 10.0.0.34 has established an IP session with "IP Phone 1" at IP address 172.16.1.103. Based upon the graphic, which device type best describes the function of wireless device "Cell A?"
the destination device
**an end device
an intermediate device
a media device
8. Refer to the exhibit. Which three labels correctly identify the network types for the network segments that are shown? (Choose three.)
Network A -- WAN
**Network B -- WAN
**Network C -- LAN
Network B -- MAN
Network C -- WAN
**Network A -- LAN
9. Which three statements best describe a Local Area Network (LAN)? (Choose three.)
**A LAN is usually in a single geographical area.
**The network is administered by a single organization.
The connection between segments in the LAN is usually through a leased connection.
The security and access control of the network are controlled by a service provider.
**A LAN provides network services and access to applications for users within a common organization.
Each end of the network is generally connected to a Telecommunication Service Provider (TSP).
10. Refer to the exhibit. Which networking term describes the data interleaving process represented in the graphic?
piping
PDU
streaming
**multiplexing
encapsulation
11. What is the primary purpose of Layer 4 port assignment?
to identify devices on the local media
to identify the hops between source and destination
to identify to the intermediary devices the best path through the network
to identify the source and destination end devices that are communicating
**to identify the processes or services that are communicating within the end devices
12. What device is considered an intermediary device?
file server
IP phone
laptop
printer
**switch
13. Refer to the exhibit. Which term correctly identifies the device type that is included in the area B?
source
end
transfer
**intermediary
14. Refer to the exhibit. What type of network is shown?
WAN
MAN
**LAN
WLAN
15. Which layer encapsulates the segment into packets?
physical
data link
**network
transport
16. What can be identified by examining the network layer header?
the destination device on the local media
**the destination host address
the bits that will be transferred over the media
the source application or process creating the data
17. Refer to the exhibit. Which set of devices contains only end devices?
A, C, D
B, E, G, H
C, D, G, H, I, J
D, E, F, H, I, J
**E, F, H, I, J
18. During the encapsulation process, what occurs at the data link layer?
No address is added.
The logical address is added.
**The physical address is added.
The process port number is added.
19. What is the purpose of the TCP/IP Network Access layer?
path determination and packet switching
data representation, encoding, and control
reliability, flow control, and error detection
**detailing the components that make up the physical link and how to access it
the division of segments into packets
20. What is the proper order of the layers of the OSI model from the highest layer to the lowest layer?
physical, network, application, data link, presentation, session, transport
application, physical, session, transport, network, data link, presentation
application, presentation, physical, session, data link, transport, network
**application, presentation, session, transport, network, data link, physical
presentation, data link, session, transport, network, physical, application
if anything, juz leave a comment
Monday, August 11, 2008
Friday, July 25, 2008
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Tuesday, June 24, 2008
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Monday, June 23, 2008
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Sunday, June 22, 2008
CURRENTLY LISTENING TO:
Ashlee Simpson - Outta My Head
Leona Lewis - Bleeding Love
Madonna - 4 Minutes [Ft. Justin Timberlake and Timbaland]
Mariah Carey - Touch My Body
Usher - Love In This Club [Feat. Young Jeezy]
Will.I.Am - Heartbreaker
Natalie Imbruglia - Torn
OneRepublic - Stop And Stare
Will.I.Am - I Got It From My Mama
Flo Rida - Low [Ft. T-Pain]
Jordin Spark - No Air
Justin Timberlake - Lovestoned-I Think She Knows [Interlude]
Rihanna - Shut Up And Drive
Gwen Stefani - 4 In The Morning
My Chemical Romance - I Don't Love You
Colbie Caillat - Realize
My Chemical Romance - Teenagers
The Click Five - Empty
Colbie Caillat - Bubbly
Mariah Carey - Bye Bye
Plain White T's - Hey There Delilah [Bonus]
Alicia Keys -No One
Ann - Cinta Melankolia
Avril Lavigne - Hot
B.E.P - WhErE !S tHe LoVe
Big Girls Don't Cry (Remix) Ft sean kingston
Chris Brown - With You
Buckcherry - Sorry
CheNelle ft Cham - I Fell In Love With The Dj
Duta feat. Baizura Kahar - Cinta Antara Kita
Ella Feat Shah - Kumerindu
Elyana - Kau Atau Aku
Elyana - Kalis Rindu
Fergie - Clumsy
Foo Fighters - The Pretender
Hazwan - Cinta 3 Segi
Hujan - Pagi Yang Gelap
Imran Ajmain - Seribu Tahun
Jason Mraz - I'm Yours
Jordin Sparks - Tattoo
Maroon 5 - Wont Go Home Without You
Nicole Scherzinger feat. Will.I.Am - Baby Love
Rihanna - Don't Stop The Music
Rihanna ft. Ne-Yo - Hate That I Love You
Simple Plan - When I'm Gone
Leona Lewis - Bleeding Love
Madonna - 4 Minutes [Ft. Justin Timberlake and Timbaland]
Mariah Carey - Touch My Body
Usher - Love In This Club [Feat. Young Jeezy]
Will.I.Am - Heartbreaker
Natalie Imbruglia - Torn
OneRepublic - Stop And Stare
Will.I.Am - I Got It From My Mama
Flo Rida - Low [Ft. T-Pain]
Jordin Spark - No Air
Justin Timberlake - Lovestoned-I Think She Knows [Interlude]
Rihanna - Shut Up And Drive
Gwen Stefani - 4 In The Morning
My Chemical Romance - I Don't Love You
Colbie Caillat - Realize
My Chemical Romance - Teenagers
The Click Five - Empty
Colbie Caillat - Bubbly
Mariah Carey - Bye Bye
Plain White T's - Hey There Delilah [Bonus]
Alicia Keys -No One
Ann - Cinta Melankolia
Avril Lavigne - Hot
B.E.P - WhErE !S tHe LoVe
Big Girls Don't Cry (Remix) Ft sean kingston
Chris Brown - With You
Buckcherry - Sorry
CheNelle ft Cham - I Fell In Love With The Dj
Duta feat. Baizura Kahar - Cinta Antara Kita
Ella Feat Shah - Kumerindu
Elyana - Kau Atau Aku
Elyana - Kalis Rindu
Fergie - Clumsy
Foo Fighters - The Pretender
Hazwan - Cinta 3 Segi
Hujan - Pagi Yang Gelap
Imran Ajmain - Seribu Tahun
Jason Mraz - I'm Yours
Jordin Sparks - Tattoo
Maroon 5 - Wont Go Home Without You
Nicole Scherzinger feat. Will.I.Am - Baby Love
Rihanna - Don't Stop The Music
Rihanna ft. Ne-Yo - Hate That I Love You
Simple Plan - When I'm Gone
Tuesday, June 17, 2008
Saturday, June 7, 2008
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Thursday, June 5, 2008
Tuesday, June 3, 2008
Friday, May 30, 2008
KASPERSKY ANTI-VIRUS 2009 v8.0.0.357
The installer comes with the key. juz read through the readme file b4 install. enjoy it.
Download here
DONT TRY THIS AT HOME #1
what are they thinking!!!! can anybody tell them what is the meaning of pain?
Sunday, May 25, 2008
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Tuesday, May 20, 2008
RENUNG-RENUNGKAN DAN SELAMAT BERAMAL
kenape kita tido di masjid tatkala Khutbah, tapi terjaga setelah tamat Khutbah? Kenape terlalu susah utk berkata ttg Allah..tapi terlalu senang utk berbicara ttg sex....Kenape kita terlalu bosan (malas) utk membaca al-Quran..tapi terlalu senang membaca majalah playboy (lucah)?? Mengapa terlalu mudah utk kita memadam mesej berkenaan Islam..kemudian kita menyebarkan (forward) mesej yg nakal (mesej kurg elok)??.. Kenape masjid2 makin kurang jamaahnya, sedangkan bar2 dan kelab2 malam semakin ramai pengunjungnya?? Fikirkanlah ttg nya.. Adakah anda akan sebarkan (forward) mesej ini atau memadamkannya (delete) ? Ingatlah yang Allah sentiasa memerhatikan mu, jika anda cintakan Allah maka semestinya anda akan menceritakan ini kepada orang lain. ALLAHUAKBAR!
Monday, May 19, 2008
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Sunday, May 18, 2008
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MULTIRACIAL UNITY IN MALAYSIA
Here in my home
by Malaysian artistes for unity
Hold on brother hold on
The road is long, we're on stony ground
But i'm strong, and you ain't heavy
Oh there's a misspoken truth that lies
Colors don't bind, oh no
What do they know? They speak falsely
Chorus:
Here in my home
I'll tell you what it's all about
There's just one hope here in my heart
One love undivided, that's what it's all about
Please won't you fall in one by one by one with me?
Fall in with me
Fall in fall in fall in with me
Push back sister won't you push back?
Love won't wait, just keep pushing on
Yes i'm strong, you ain't heavy
Oh don't you worry about that
What we have shadows can't deny
Don't you know it's now or never?
Here in my home
I'll tell you what it's all about
There's just one hope here in my heart
One love undivided, that's what it's all about
Please won't you fall in one by one?
Years of fears and years of tribulation
The heart keeps searching for that endless devotion
Hand in hand well march like blood brothers
I speak for my people, hope we'll find peace forever
May the road ahead quench my thirst for success
May the road behing echo a song of the blessed
Yes i feel it in my bones, so i will let it be known
No matter where i roam this is home sweet home
Sing!
Chorus x3
MP3
VIDEO CLIP
by Malaysian artistes for unity
Hold on brother hold on
The road is long, we're on stony ground
But i'm strong, and you ain't heavy
Oh there's a misspoken truth that lies
Colors don't bind, oh no
What do they know? They speak falsely
Chorus:
Here in my home
I'll tell you what it's all about
There's just one hope here in my heart
One love undivided, that's what it's all about
Please won't you fall in one by one by one with me?
Fall in with me
Fall in fall in fall in with me
Push back sister won't you push back?
Love won't wait, just keep pushing on
Yes i'm strong, you ain't heavy
Oh don't you worry about that
What we have shadows can't deny
Don't you know it's now or never?
Here in my home
I'll tell you what it's all about
There's just one hope here in my heart
One love undivided, that's what it's all about
Please won't you fall in one by one?
Years of fears and years of tribulation
The heart keeps searching for that endless devotion
Hand in hand well march like blood brothers
I speak for my people, hope we'll find peace forever
May the road ahead quench my thirst for success
May the road behing echo a song of the blessed
Yes i feel it in my bones, so i will let it be known
No matter where i roam this is home sweet home
Sing!
Chorus x3
MP3
VIDEO CLIP
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Saturday, May 17, 2008
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